What Is the Difference Between Masonry and Blocks
The difference between masonry and blocks in construction is that masonry refers to walls built with masonry units on a mortar bed, while blocks are large hollow or solid units made of concrete.
Bricks are smaller units made of clay, while blocks are formed in steel molds for more precise sizing.
The nominal size for blocks is typically 400mm long, 200mm wide, and 200mm high, with actual sizes being slightly smaller due to mortar joints.
The nominal size for bricks is 230mm long, 110mm wide, and 76mm high.
Additionally, the density of blocks varies depending on the type, ranging from normal weight blocks with densities ranging from 1250kg/m3 to 1750kg/m3, light weight blocks with densities ranging from 650kg/m3 to 800kg/m3, and autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) blocks with a density of 550kg/m3.
In contrast, the density of solid brick material is around 1900kg/m3, while the density of perforated brick is between 1400-1500kg/m3.
Did You Know?
1. Did you know that masonry and blocks are actually different construction techniques? Masonry refers to the art of building structures using individual units, usually made of stone, bricks, or concrete blocks, while blocks specifically refer to hollow rectangular prisms made of concrete or other materials.
2. One little-known fact about masonry is that it is one of the oldest methods of building, dating back to ancient civilizations such as the Egyptians and Mayans. The pyramids of Egypt and the intricate stone structures of Machu Picchu are remarkable examples of masonry’s enduring durability and timeless beauty.
3. While blocks are typically associated with modern construction, they have been used for centuries in various forms. The ancient Romans, for instance, employed a type of block known as “Opus Caementicium” or Roman concrete, to build their magnificent structures, including the Colosseum.
4. Another interesting trivia about masonry is that it requires the use of mortar, a mixture of cement, sand, and water. However, modern advancements have introduced dry-stack masonry methods, eliminating the need for mortar and making construction quicker and more cost-effective.
5. Blocks, on the other hand, offer several advantages for construction projects. They are manufactured in controlled environments, ensuring consistency in size, shape, and quality, which leads to more precise and efficient construction. Moreover, the hollow design of blocks allows for better insulation and reduces the overall weight of the structure.
Masonry Vs. Blocks: Construction Materials And Methods
When it comes to construction, masonry and blocks are two terms that are often used interchangeably. However, there are distinct differences between the two in terms of materials and construction methods.
- Masonry refers to walls built with masonry units on a mortar bed.
- On the other hand, blocks are large hollow or solid units made of concrete.
The choice between masonry and blocks depends on the specific requirements of the project, such as:
- Load-bearing capacity
- Insulation needs
- Aesthetic appearance
Masonry is typically constructed using bricks, which are smaller units made of clay or other durable materials. These bricks are laid on a mortar bed, creating a strong and sturdy wall.
In contrast, blocks are made of concrete and are formed in steel molds for more precise sizing. They come in various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular or square, and can be solid or hollow.
The use of blocks allows for faster construction as they can be stacked and bonded together using mortar.
The Size And Density Differences Between Masonry And Blocks
One of the key differences between masonry and blocks is the size and density of the units used. Bricks, commonly used in masonry, have a standard nominal size of 230mm long, 110mm wide, and 76mm high. On the other hand, blocks have a larger nominal size of 400mm long, 200mm wide, and 200mm high. It is important to note that the actual sizes of both bricks and blocks are slightly smaller due to the inclusion of mortar joints.
In terms of density, different types of blocks have varying levels of density. Normal weight blocks, commonly used in construction, have densities ranging from 1250kg/m3 to 1750kg/m3. Lightweight blocks, as the name suggests, have lower densities ranging from 650kg/m3 to 800kg/m3. Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) blocks, known for their lightweight and insulating properties, have a density of 550kg/m3. In comparison, solid brick material has a density of approximately 1900kg/m3, while perforated brick falls between 1400kg/m3 and 1500kg/m3.
Mortar And Joint Variations In Masonry And Block Construction
Mortar plays a crucial role in both masonry and block construction. It is a workable paste made of cement, sand, and water that is used to bond the units together and provide strength and stability to the structure. The compressive strength of mortar varies, ranging from 2 to 12 N/mm2.
In concrete block and brick construction, mortar joints are usually 10mm thick. These joints allow for flexibility and accommodate any minor movement or settling of the units. However, when it comes to AAC block construction, a special type of mortar with a thickness of 2-3mm is used to ensure a more precise and aesthetically pleasing finish.
Control Joints And Reinforcement Considerations For Masonry Walls
Control joints and reinforcement play a pivotal role in masonry wall construction. In concrete masonry walls, control joints are essential for preventing cracking caused by shrinkage, temperature fluctuations, and foundation settlement. The spacing between these joints should not exceed 6m for unreinforced walls higher than 3m. For walls below 3m, including capping reinforced concrete beams, the spacing can be increased to 16m.
When it comes to clay masonry (such as brick walls), joints are necessary to accommodate expansion, temperature changes, and foundation settlement. Two types of joints commonly employed in clay masonry are articulated joints, which allow for minor footing movement, and control joints, which control cracking.
Reinforced block walls can function as load-bearing walls in both vertical and horizontal directions. While solid concrete blocks are primarily utilized for vertical load-bearing purposes, grout used in reinforced blockwork should possess a compressive strength of at least 15MPa. Reinforcement is typically positioned near door openings, corners, junctions, and along the wall to enhance strength and stability.
Key Information For Structural Engineers In Estimating Weight And Providing Reinforcement For Masonry Walls
For structural engineers, it is essential to have accurate information about masonry walls in order to estimate their weight and provide appropriate reinforcement. Factors such as wall layout, type of masonry, thickness, type of blocks, material density, and finishes applied all play a crucial role in determining the weight and structural requirements.
By understanding the construction materials and methods used in masonry and block construction, structural engineers can make informed decisions regarding reinforcement, load-bearing capacity, and overall structural integrity. This knowledge allows them to design safe and stable masonry structures that meet the specific requirements of each project.
The difference between masonry and blocks lies in the materials used, construction methods, and the size and density of the units. Masonry refers to walls built with smaller clay units on a mortar bed, while blocks are larger units made of concrete. Factors such as mortar and joint variations, control joints, and reinforcement considerations also differentiate the two construction techniques. Understanding these differences is essential for architects, engineers, and construction professionals to ensure the successful completion of projects and the creation of durable, safe, and aesthetically pleasing structures.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Is masonry the same as concrete block?
While concrete block is a type of masonry, they are not exactly the same thing. Concrete block refers specifically to the rectangular units made of concrete, typically used in building construction. Masonry, on the other hand, encompasses a broader range of materials such as stone, clay, brick, or concrete block, as well as the process of building and fabricating with these materials. So, while both involve the use of concrete, masonry goes beyond concrete block to include other types of building units and construction techniques.
What is the difference between masonry and brick?
The distinction between masonry and brick lies in their respective roles in building construction. Masonry encompasses the broader category of structural support for buildings, whereas brick specifically refers to the material used for aesthetic purposes on the building’s exterior. Solid masonry provides the primary support for the structure, while brick veneer relies on other materials such as concrete, steel, or wood for structural stability, with the brick solely serving as an exterior façade to enhance the building’s visual appeal.
Is block considered masonry?
Yes, block is considered a form of masonry. Concrete masonry units, often referred to as block, are a popular building material used in construction due to their durability and strength. These units are made of concrete and are commonly used for walls, foundations, and various other structural purposes. With its versatile and resilient properties, block is a key component in masonry construction.
What is a masonry block?
A masonry block is a fundamental building material used in construction worldwide. Composed mainly of Portland cement, it plays a crucial role in building structures. However, it is worth noting that the production of masonry blocks often leads to the emission of greenhouse gases. These blocks serve as a sturdy and durable foundation for buildings, but innovative and sustainable alternatives should be explored in order to mitigate the environmental impact associated with their production.