What Is Doulton Lambeth Pottery
Doulton Lambeth Pottery was a British pottery company founded by Henry Doulton in 1846.
Originally specializing in sewage pipes, the company expanded its range to include various ceramic products such as builder’s and sanitary wares, kitchen stonewares, and laboratory ceramics.
In the 1860s, Doulton became interested in more artistic wares and developed earthenware and stoneware bodies.
They created “Lambeth faience”, a creamware often used in decorative plaques and vases.
Doulton Lambeth Pottery was known for its art stoneware creations during the years 1870-1900.
The company also manufactured architectural terracotta and executed commissions for monumental sculptures.
The pottery company declined in the post-war period and eventually closed its Lambeth factory in 1956.
Did You Know?
1. Doulton Lambeth Pottery, founded in 1815, initially focused on manufacturing salt-glazed stoneware bottles used for storing beer and spirits, before branching out into decorative art pottery.
2. The artists at Doulton Lambeth Pottery were famous for their intricate and detailed designs, often using a technique called sgraffito, which involves scratching through colored slips to expose the clay beneath and creating intricate patterns.
3. Doulton Lambeth Pottery gained international recognition when their ceramic pipes were chosen for display at the Great Exhibition held at the Crystal Palace in London in 1851.
4. Although known for their pottery, Doulton Lambeth also produced various other items, including ornamental ware, vases, and whiskey flasks, which became popular during the late Victorian era.
5. The famous Royal Doulton brand, known for its collectible figurines and character jugs, originated from Doulton Lambeth Pottery. In 1901, King Edward VII granted the company permission to add “Royal” to their name, acknowledging their excellence in pottery manufacturing.
The Origins Of Royal Doulton And Doulton Lambeth Pottery
The rich history of Doulton Lambeth Pottery can be traced back to the founding of Royal Doulton, an esteemed English ceramic and home accessories manufacturer. Established in 1815, the company initially operated in the vibrant district of Vauxhall in London before eventually making its home in Lambeth. Under the visionary leadership of Henry Doulton, the company thrived and gained recognition for its exceptional craftsmanship.
In 1846, Doulton Lambeth Pottery came into existence as a separate entity. Originally, their primary focus was the production of sewage pipes. While this may seem like an unconventional start, it was during the cholera pandemic and the subsequent outbreak in London in 1854 that the need for improved sewage disposal became pressing. Doulton Lambeth Pottery’s sewage pipes quickly gained popularity due to their high-quality construction, effectively addressing the sanitation challenges of the time.
However, Doulton Lambeth Pottery did not limit itself to sewage pipes. As the company expanded, they ventured into producing an array of builder’s and sanitary wares, kitchen stonewares, metal plumbing items, as well as laboratory and manufacturing ceramics. This diversification showcased their ability to cater to various needs and solidified their position as a reputable pottery company in the mid-19th century.
Expansion And Diversification Of Doulton Lambeth Pottery
During the 1860s, Henry Doulton recognized the growing demand for more artistic wares. Fuelled by this artistic impulse, he began experimenting with earthenware and stoneware bodies. It was during this period that their distinctive “Lambeth faience,” a creamware used in decorative plaques and vases, came into prominence. Celebrated for its delicate beauty and intricate designs, Lambeth faience became a calling card for Doulton Lambeth Pottery.
The studio pieces produced by Doulton Lambeth Pottery during this era were highly regarded. Notably, many of these artistic creations were signed by the talented artists who crafted them, thereby attesting to the individuality and skill involved. Doulton Lambeth Pottery was at the forefront of the art stoneware movement between 1870 and 1900, pushing boundaries and captivating collectors and art enthusiasts alike.
The commitment to excellence was apparent in Doulton Lambeth Pottery’s submissions to international exhibitions. The wares carefully chosen for these events were meticulously crafted, reflecting the mastery of their artisans. The company’s dedication paid off, as they earned numerous medals, further establishing their reputation as a leading ceramic manufacturer.
Artistic Wares And Achievements Of Doulton Lambeth Pottery
A significant figure in the artistic direction of Doulton Lambeth Pottery was William James Neatby. Serving as the chief designer during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Neatby’s contributions left an indelible mark on the company’s legacy. Neatby’s ceramic works and sculptures embodied the essence of the British Art Nouveau movement, characterized by its organic forms and intricate details.
The ornamental forms produced by Doulton Lambeth Pottery captivated admirers with their exquisite beauty and attention to detail. The company became renowned for its stoneware, particularly its vases, which showcased innovative techniques and artistic flair. Each piece was a testament to the craftsmanship and skill embedded within Doulton Lambeth Pottery.
The artistic achievements of Doulton Lambeth Pottery were not limited to ceramics alone. The company also dabbled in architectural terracotta, a material used for building facades and embellishments. Noteworthy commissions for monumental sculptures in terracotta further showcased their versatility and ability to excel in various artistic endeavors.
Key points:
- William James Neatby played a significant role in the artistic direction of Doulton Lambeth Pottery.
- Doulton Lambeth Pottery was known for its ornamental stoneware and vases.
- The company’s works embodied the British Art Nouveau movement.
- Doulton Lambeth Pottery also ventured into architectural terracotta and created monumental sculptures in the material.
Transition To Royal Doulton And Shift In Product Focus
In 1899, Doulton Lambeth Pottery became a public company after the retirement and subsequent death of Sir Henry Doulton. This significant milestone coincided with the adoption of the new name, Royal Doulton. The company remained committed to quality as it entered a new era.
During the early 20th century, Royal Doulton shifted its product focus from stonewares to high-quality bone china. This transition demonstrated their adaptability and catered to the evolving preferences of consumers. Royal Doulton’s bone china became synonymous with elegance and sophistication.
Despite being headquartered in Lambeth, London, Royal Doulton’s influence extended far beyond its geographical location. The company achieved household name status, recognized for its exceptional craftsmanship and artistic innovation.
Decline And Closure Of Doulton Lambeth Pottery
Despite its esteemed legacy, Doulton Lambeth Pottery faced challenges in the post-war period. The decline of the pottery industry, coupled with the introduction of clean air regulations, led to the gradual decline of the Lambeth factory. Eventually, in 1956, the factory closed its doors, marking the end of an era for Doulton Lambeth Pottery.
However, the impact and influence of Doulton Lambeth Pottery cannot be understated. The company’s artistic creations and stoneware masterpieces continue to be cherished by collectors and art enthusiasts around the world. The legacy of Doulton Lambeth Pottery lives on, a testament to the skill and artistry of its talented craftsmen and the impact it made on the world of ceramics.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the history of Lambeth pottery?
The rich history of Lambeth pottery dates back to ancient Roman times, although the exact emergence of the craft remains veiled in uncertainty. Pottery production along the Thames in Lambeth is believed to have thrived throughout the Middle Ages, leaving an indelible mark on the area’s artistic heritage. This enduring tradition eventually came to an end in the mid-20th century when Royal Doulton relocated its headquarters and workshops, bidding farewell to Lambeth’s pottery-making legacy.
How to date Doulton Lambeth?
Dating Doulton Lambeth can be achieved by analyzing the pattern numbers found on the ware. These pattern numbers help determine the approximate date the pattern was initially introduced. However, it is important to note that while the pattern number indicates the earliest possible date, determining the exact date of last use of a pattern is rarely known. Therefore, when dating Doulton Lambeth, it is necessary to consider the pattern number as a starting point while acknowledging the potential longevity of certain patterns.
Where was the Doulton factory in Lambeth?
The Doulton factory in Lambeth was situated on Black Prince Road, just a short distance from the Albert Embankment of the River Thames in London. This historic site, built in 1876-78, was not only a factory but also housed Doulton’s showroom. It is an interesting reminder of the area’s industrial past and the renowned ceramics produced by Doulton.
What is Royal Doulton pottery?
Royal Doulton pottery is a renowned company that gained global recognition for its exquisite collectibles and tableware. Founded in 1815 by John Doulton, Martha Jones, and John Watts, Royal Doulton initially focused on crafting luxury ceramics. Over the years, the brand became synonymous with exceptional craftsmanship and the creation of some of the finest ceramics in the world, captivating collectors and enthusiasts alike. From delicately hand-painted figurines to intricately designed dinnerware, Royal Doulton pottery represents the epitome of elegance and luxury in the realm of ceramics.